The core set
- Commercial invoice — seller, buyer, description, HS code, value, Incoterm.
- Packing list — packages, weights, dimensions and marks.
- Bill of lading (B/L) or air waybill — the carrier's receipt and, for B/L, title to goods.
- Certificate of origin — needed for preferential duty under trade agreements.
- Product certificates — health, phytosanitary, conformity, as the destination requires.
Common mistakes
- Descriptions that differ between invoice and packing list.
- Wrong or missing HS codes — see HS codes explained.
- Consignee details that don't match the importer of record.
Tip
Agree the document list in the contract, especially under a letter of credit, where any mismatch can block payment.